Performance, Combustion and Emission analysis of Jatropha oil of Biodiesel engine with nano additives: an Experimental Study

Abstract

The fast depletion of crude oil reserves and the resultant environmental damage drive the
pressing search for alternative fuel sources for internal combustion engines. Biodiesel stands out
as a promising candidate for compression ignition engines due to its advantageous heat content
and combustion qualities. Utilized across various vehicles and equipment such as cars, trucks,
buses, off-road vehicles, and oil furnaces, blends of Biodiesel present substantial potential for
emission reduction, up to 76% from Biodiesel engines, alongside improving engine lifespan
thanks to their superior lubrication properties. Nevertheless, biodiesel comes with certain
drawbacks, including reduced performance and increased nitrogen oxide emissions. Hence, the
focus of this study is to investigate the utilization of locally available biodiesel in a low-heat
rejection engine, complemented by nano additives, aiming to improve performance while

reducing nitrogen oxide emissions. India currently boasts numerous biodiesel sources, ranging
from vegetable oil to Jatropha oil, which can be effectively utilized in biodiesel engines by
incorporating fatty acid ester and glycerol. The experimental setup involves a single-cylinder 4-
stroke water-cooled biodiesel engine producing 5.2 kW of power. An installed water-cooled
piezoelectric pickup, ranging from 0 to 250 bar, was utilized on the cylinder head for engine
cylinder pressure measurement. The optical crank angle (CA) encoder (Manufacturer: Kistler,
Model: Type 2613B) was employed to determine crankshaft position, enabling the measurement
of cylinder pressure at different crank angles. Both coated and uncoated engines underwent
testing with varying proportions of Jatropha oil. The results reveal a significant improvement in
engine performance across all loads compared to the baseline engine. Additionally, when
combined with L-ascorbic acid, these biodiesels exhibit a noticeable decrease in nitrogen oxide
emissions.